Social Conditions Vatican City is the smallest independent state in the world, located within the city of Rome. It is home to the Pope, head of the Catholic Church, and his administration. As a sovereign state, Vatican City has its own government and laws. This article will explore the social conditions of Vatican City as…
Category: Europe
Liechtenstein has formed a legal, economic and monetary union with Switzerland since 1923. The parliamentary principality of Monaco is linked to France by a customs union. Andorra has been a sovereign parliamentary principality since 1993 with two heads of state: the French President and the Bishop of Urgell (Spain). San Marino is a parliamentary republic in customs union with Italy. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man belong directly to the British Crown, but not to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and also not to the EU; they have their own governments. The Vatican City is independent due to the Lateran Treaty with Italy from 1929. The status of Transnistria is disputed. The area east of the Dniester has around 550,000 residents and belongs to Moldova under international law,
DISINTEGRATION OF THE SOVIET UNION
In the Soviet Union, too, centrifugal tendencies made themselves felt soon after the change in political course. In particular, the Islamic ethnic groups in Central Asia, the Caucasus peoples and the nations on the western border opposed the longstanding idea of a unified “Soviet people”. In the spring of 1990, the parliaments of the three Baltic republics of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania made a decisionfor independence. At the beginning of 1991, the Soviet power used military means to counter the aspirations for independence, but both the attempted coup in Lithuania and the attack on the Interior Ministry in Riga were unsuccessful. Referendums in February and March 1991 confirmed the decisions of the parliaments. In the same year she was internationally recognized and accepted into the UN. The Baltic states were the first to break away from the Soviet state and at the same time set off an avalanche. For more information about the continent of Europe, please check mathgeneral.com.
Sluis, Netherlands
The small town of Sluis is located in the very south-west of the Netherlands, just 5 km from the border with Belgium. Its population is only a couple of thousand people. But there is a Michelin-starred restaurant and a unique beffroy tower. And yet – a story long for many centuries, when all the dominant…
Sights of Ardennes, Belgium
The Ardennes are a very popular holiday area in the southeast of Belgium. Just a short distance from the Netherlands, you can imagine yourself in a faraway foreign country. The Ardennes have a beautiful varied landscape. Small old villages and towns alternate with beautiful forests, babbling rivers and panoramic views. The Ardennes can be roughly…
Sights of Gran Canaria, Spain
According to Allcitycodes.com, Gran Canariais one of the most popular flying destinations among the Dutch when it comes to sun holidays. Gran Canaria belongs to the Canary Islands, an archipelago west of the coast of Morocco. The pleasant subtropical climate ensures that you can enjoy a beach holiday here all year round. Most tourists therefore…
Netherlands Geography and Economy
Natural conditions of the Netherlands As early as around 1000, simple culverts were used for drainage purposes in low-lying areas of the Netherlands. Four centuries later, the clay plains in the west and north of the country were interwoven with an elaborate network of dikes and canals. In the 15th to 17th centuries there was…
Holiday in Saxony, Germany
The most beautiful cities in Saxony Dresden Baroque architecture directly on the Elbe Also known as Florence on the Elbe , Dresden is a real beauty and popular travel destination in Germany. One imposing building stands next to the other. The Semperoper , the Frauenkirche and the Zwinger are particularly well-known . And not only…
What to See in Brest and Dijon (France)
Brest (France) According to Printerhall.com, Brest is located in the northwest of France in the historical region of Brittany. The city is located on the shores of one of the bays of the Atlantic Ocean. This port was founded in the 17th century. During the Second World War, a large German submarine base was located…
Leon, Castile-Leon (Spain)
According to Handbagpicks.com, Leon is located in northern Spain at the foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains. It is the center of the province of León. This is the largest and one of the most interesting provinces of the autonomous region of Castile-Leon in terms of tourism. The first mention of a settlement in these places…
Vodlozersky Park, Russia
According to Computerdo.com, Vodlozersky Park was created to preserve the natural complex in the basin of Lake Vodlozero and the Ileksa River. Its territory is divided into three parts: Vodlozerskaya with a center in the village of Kuganavolok, Ileksskaya with a center in the city of Onega and Pudozhskaya with a center in the village…
Holidays in Italy
Italy is the cradle of European civilization and the most visited country in the world by tourists. Every year, several million people arrive in Rome alone, the local cuisine has acquired legends, and the traditions of the Italians have influenced the culture of many countries, including Russia. And it is not surprising that this country,…
Regions and Resorts of Greece
Athens Athens is the capital of Greece, so you can meet a huge number of visitors here. Many tourists arrive here from other countries, landing at the international local airport. For lovers of a relaxing holiday, Athens is not suitable, because the city seems to be saturated with bustle, noise and sun. Athens is popular…
Finland Attractions
Åland Islands Both geographically and culturally, the autonomous Åland Islands are oriented more towards Sweden (Internet: www.aland.ax ). Although the islands belong to Finland, the official language is Swedish. The picturesque landscape of the islands attracts cyclists, anglers and water sports enthusiasts in the warm summer months. Bike rental is available in Mariehamn and Eckerö….
Latvia History
Latvia is the heir of the two historical regions of Livonia and Courland, respectively from 1721 and from 1795 under the control of Russia, occupied by the Germans in the First World War. The awakening of a Latvian national consciousness, developed especially after 1905 and favored by the Russian revolution of 1917, led to the…
Iceland in the 1980’s
Registry estimates in 1990 attribute to the town a population of 255,708 residents (they were 229,187 at the 1980 census), corresponding to an average density of 2.5 residents / km 2. The large and small coastal centers are home to 90% of the population, while the colonization centers of the interior continue to have an…
Italy Literature Overview
Italian literature, like all other great modern literatures, has its first origin in that mighty rebirth of human spiritual energies, which in the first centuries of the second Christian millennium renews the essence and aspect of all life. The reaction against the regime that had previously ruled the world with an overbearing landed aristocracy and a…
United Kingdom History and Demography
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [1] . It is a sovereign member state of the European Union and located in northwestern Europe. Its territory is geographically formed by the island of Great Britain, the northeast territory of the island of Ireland and small adjacent islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the country with a land border, which…
Turkey History – The Rise of the Ottomans
In this confrontation against the Byzantines in western Anatolia the Ottomans soon distinguished themselves, placing themselves at the head of the Turkmen principalities. Osman I, founder of the Ottoman dynasty, knew how to take full advantage of the enemy’s weakness and secure good booties in his forays into Christian territory, attracting thousands of Turkmen nomads and a large…
Turkey History – Fall and Traditional Reform
The decline of the Ottoman Empire began after the end of the reign of Suleiman I and continued until the end of World War I. The official reaction to this decline went through different phases: that of the traditional reform (1566 – 1807), in which several attempts were made to restore the old institutions, and that of…
Turkey History – Era of Modern Reforms
During the 19th century, the continuing threat of foreign conquest was compounded by the rise of nationalism among the non-Turkish peoples of the Empire who fought for their independence. Greece was the first country to do so in 1829, and revolts followed by Serbs, Bulgarians, Albanians, and Armenians from eastern Anatolia. The Ottoman survival was due not so much…
Turkey Early History
Turkey. Republic (official name, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, Republic of Turkey) whose territory is located in Southeastern Europe and Southwest Asia ; It is bordered to the northwest by Bulgaria and Greece, to the north by the Black Sea, to the northeast by Georgia and Armenia, to the east by Iran, to the south by Iraq, Syria and the Mediterranean Sea, and to the west by the Aegean Sea. The capital is Ankara….
Romania Population and Anthropology
Romania State of Eastern Europe ; it borders to the NE with Ukraine and Moldavia, to the NW with Hungary, to the South with Bulgaria and to the SW with Serbia ; it overlooks the Black Sea for almost 250 km. Population For lack of defined physical limits to N and W there has always been…
Russia History from the Rise of Romanovs to the Age of the Empresses
The period of the early Romanovs (Michael III, 1613-45, and Alexis, 1645-76) saw the slow reconstruction of a devastated state. Serfdom became the absolute norm for all Russian countryside; the oppression of the peasant and the humble citizen by the state and the landowners widened giving rise to violent social revolts, such as that of…
Attractions in Munich, Germany
München, capital of Bavaria, on the Isar, in the Alpine foothills, with (2019) 1,5 million residents. In addition to the university and the Technical University, Munich has numerous universities and museums (including the Deutsches Museum, Alte and Neue Pinakothek). As the seat of scientific research institutions (Max Planck Society, Fraunhofer Society), art academies, drama schools,…
Newark Antique Exhibition, U.K.
The antique exhibition in Newark-on-Trent is one of the most important visitor magnets in the east of the English county of Nottinghamshire. The Newark International Antiques & Collectors Fair, which is about a two-hour drive from the English capital, London, is the largest antiques exhibition in Europe and one of the largest in the world….
Metz and Beaune, France
Metz On the trail of a rich history in north-eastern France In Metz, the Lorraine metropolis on the border with Germany, visitors always walk in the footsteps of history. And it was not only peaceful times that this junction of important European routes experienced. The city was repeatedly affected by the disputes between the two…
Switzerland Arts and Music
With its diverse influences, according to andyeducation, Swiss art music is also a reflection of the country’s eventful history. Its roots lie in the monasteries of the Middle Ages, where Gregorian chant, trope and sequence were cultivated. The musical center in the 8th century was the Benedictine monastery of St. Gallen (Notker Balbulus, Ekkehart I,…
Munich Agreement
Munich Agreement, concluded on September 29, 1938 in Munich between the German Reich, Great Britain, France and Italy, on September 30 by A. Hitler, A. N. Chamberlain, É. Daladier and B. Mussolini signed a contract. He ended the “Sudeten Crisis” and initially removed thedanger of war that had arisenfrom Hitler’s ultimate threats to Czechoslovakia (ČSR). It regulated (without the participation of the ČSR)…
Travel to Portugal
Portugal is located in the west of the Iberian Peninsula on Atlantic ocean. The eastern neighbor of Portugal is Spain. Portugal is one of the oldest states in Europe. Independence was achieved in 1143, today’s national borders have existed since 1297. One of the attractions of Portugal is the 850 km long Atlantic coast with…
Ukraine Overview
Ukraine is the most important and populous, after the Russian Federation, of the new states that have achieved independence following the collapse of the USSR. in 1991. It is a state that, even without a tradition of independence, was born with a great baggage of history and culture. Its territory, which occupies a large portion…
France Theatrical Life
According to a2zcamerablog, France is a country located in Europe. As in all of Western Europe, the French theater of the Middle Ages was born in the church, or rather it was born when the liturgical drama, first performed in the temple, was transferred to the churchyard and then to the market square, absorbing in…
Old Town of Dubrovnik (World Heritage)
According to mathgeneral, the old town of Dubrovnik, the »Pearl of the Adriatic«, illustrates the importance of the settlement founded in the 7th century, which as a city republic was an important trading power in the Middle Ages. The mighty city walls encompass a unique historical ensemble from Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque, such as B….
Basel, Switzerland City History
Already in the 5th century BC, members of the tribe of the Celts settled on the knee of the Rhine. In 44 BC BC, the year Julius Caesar died, the Romans founded the settlement of Augusta Raurica. This was 10 to 20 kilometers upstream from the point where today’s Basel expands. In addition, a castle…
Parks, Rivers and Zoological Garden in Aachen, Germany
Parks Elisenpark This park is ideal for a short break from a stroll through the city, because the Elisenpark is the only green area in Aachen that is located within the Allenring. The park is located directly behind the drinking hall and lobby of the famous Elisenbrunnen. According to internetsailors, Aachen is a city located in…
Getting to Finland
GETTING THERE Arriving by plane The national airline Finnair (AY) (Internet: www.finnair.com) offers several times a week direct flights from Frankfurt / M., Berlin, Düsseldorf, Hamburg, Stuttgart and Munich as well as Zurich, Geneva and Vienna to Helsinki. Lufthansa (LH), Eurowings (EW) and Austrian Airlines (OS) also fly to Finland. Air Berlin (AB) flies from…
Shopping in United Kingdom
DUTY-FREE SHOPPING Overview According to hyperrestaurant, the following items can be imported into Great Britain and Northern Ireland duty-free when entering from non-EU countries: 200 cigarettes or 100 cigarillos or 50 cigars or 250 grams of tobacco; 1 liter of spirits with an alcohol content of more than 22% or 2 liters of spirits with…
Culture and Sights in Germany
The German art and cultural history, whose roots go back to the time of the Celts, Teutons and Romans, has produced personalities that have shaped the style and epoch since the Middle Ages. Since Germany did not exist as a nation-state for a long time, German culture has defined itself for centuries primarily through the…
Council of Europe Culture and Education
Culture and education The Council of Europe promotes European cultural identity and the protection of Europe’s cultural heritage. The 1954 Cultural Convention is also open to European countries that are not members of the Council of Europe. It has often been a way for outside countries to approach membership. The Cultural Convention had been ratified…
The best airlines in the world
The top ten airlines worldwide summarized in a brief overview: The top 10 best airlines in the world at a glance Air New Zealand Singapore Airlines All Nippon Airways Qantas Cathay Pacific Emirates Virgin Atlantic EVA Air Qatar Airways Lufthansa followed by place 11-20 of the best airlines worldwide Virgin Australia Finnair Japan Airlines KLM…
The 10 largest national parks in Germany
The national parks in Germany together cover an area of over 1,000,000. However, around 75% of this area is occupied by the two maritime national parks in the North Sea, so that the remaining national parks on the mainland share an area of approximately 210,000 hectares. The following list contains the ten largest national parks…
Scotland Churches and Memorials
Elgin Cathedral Elgin Cathedral is one of Scotland’s most famous cathedral ruins and is located in the market center of Elgin on the north coast. The cathedral dates back to the 13th century and was laid to rubble in 1390 on the orders of Alexander Stuart, an illegitimate son of Robert I. The Gothic cross…